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Filtration

Multimedia filter sizing: service flow, loading rate and backwash

A practical guide to sizing multimedia filters for pretreatment and general water clarification.

Multimedia filter sizing: service flow, loading rate and backwash
In this guide

This article explains the treatment objective, the design information that matters and the operating checks that help keep the system practical after installation.

Size from hydraulic loading

A filter should be sized from the required service flow and an appropriate loading rate for the chosen media and feed quality. An undersized vessel may create excessive velocity and poor solids capture; an oversized vessel may create unnecessary cost and backwash demand.

Check dirty-bed pressure loss

Filters accumulate solids between backwashes. Differential pressure and treated-water quality can be used to determine when cleaning is required. Valves and pumps should be able to handle the pressure range across the operating cycle.

Backwash water must be available

Backwash flow is often higher than normal service flow for a single vessel. The source, pump and drain should support that requirement. Where multiple filters are installed, controls should prevent simultaneous backwash unless the site is designed for it.

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